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%ما هو (من)٪ 1 - تعريف
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Free electron gas; Free electrons; Free electron (disambiguation)
Free-electron laser
![Schematic representation of an [[undulator]], at the core of a free-electron laser.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FEL principle.png?width=200 "Schematic representation of an [[undulator]], at the core of a free-electron laser.")
TYPE OF LASER
XFEL; X-ray free-electron laser; Free electron laser
A free-electron laser (FEL) is a (fourth generation) light source producing extremely brilliant and short pulses of radiation. An FEL functions and behaves in many ways like a laser, but instead of using stimulated emission from atomic or molecular excitations, it employs relativistic electrons as a gain medium.
Free electron model
![In three dimensions, the [[density of states]] of a gas of [[fermion]]s is proportional to the square root of the kinetic energy of the particles.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Free-electron DOS.svg?width=200 "In three dimensions, the [[density of states]] of a gas of [[fermion]]s is proportional to the square root of the kinetic energy of the particles.")
A SIMPLE MODEL FOR THE BEHAVIOUR OF VALENCE ELECTRONS IN A CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A METALLIC SOLID
Free-Electron Model of Metals; Free-electron theory of metals; Drude-Sommerfeld model; Drude–Sommerfeld model; Free-electron theory; Free electron theory; Free-electron model
In solid-state physics, the free electron model is a quantum mechanical model for the behaviour of charge carriers in a metallic solid. It was developed in 1927, principally by Arnold Sommerfeld, who combined the classical Drude model with quantum mechanical Fermi–Dirac statistics and hence it is also known as the Drude–Sommerfeld model.
Electron-transferring flavoprotein
FLAVOPROTEINS THAT SERVE AS SPECIFIC ELECTRON ACCEPTORS FOR A VARIETY OF DEHYDROGENASES
Electron-transferring flavoproteins; Electron transferring flavoprotein; Electron transferring flavoproteins; Electron transfer protein; Electron transfer flavoprotein; Electron-transfer flavoprotein
An electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) or electron transfer flavoprotein complex (CETF) is a flavoprotein located on the matrix face of the inner mitochondrial membrane and functions as a specific electron acceptor for primary dehydrogenases, transferring the electrons to terminal respiratory systems such as electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase. They can be functionally classified into constitutive, "housekeeping" ETFs, mainly involved in the oxidation of fatty acids (Group I), and ETFs produced by some prokaryotes under specific growth conditions, receiving electrons only from the oxidation of specific substrates (Group II).
ويكيبيديا
Free electron
Free electron in physics may refer to:
- Electron, as a free particle
- Solvated electron
- Charge carrier, as carriers of electric charge
- Valence electron, as an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom
- Valence and conduction bands, as a conduction band electron relative to the electronic band structure of a solid
- Fermi gas, as a particle of a non-interacting electron gas
- Free electron model, as a particle in the Drude-Sommerfeld model of metals
- Free-electron laser, as a particle in the electron beam
